Here is my meta-list of the Best Athletes of ‘all time’, which means in this case, from the end of the 19th Century to the present. I collected numerous lists of best athletes overall, regardless of sport. I also included sport-specific “Best Athletes” lists. I tried to include an equal number of lists per major sport to avoid tipping the balance in favor of some sports and away from others. The results are relatively diverse, with many different sports and countries represented, although the majority of athletes on the list are male and most are from the U.S. The results are below: all the athletes on at least three of the original source lists. Athletes who are on the same number of lists are listed in order of their dates of birth. I have included photos of the athletes. I have tried to find photos of the athletes engaged in the act of playing their sport, while trying to avoid staged or posed shots. (For more information, see Note on Photos, below.) For a ‘Best Athletes’ list organized by sport, but without photos, go here.
On 27 “Best Athletes” Lists
Michael Jordan (US, 1963- ) – Basketball, Baseball
Kirthmon Dozier/Associated Press
On 25 Lists
Muhammad Ali (US, 1942-2016) – Boxing
Associated Press.
On 24 Lists
Babe Ruth (US, 1895-1948) – Baseball
Mark Rucker/Transcendental Graphics/Getty Images
On 23 Lists
Wayne Gretzky (Canada, 1961- ) – Ice Hockey
ESPN
On 22 Lists
Jim Thorpe (US, 1888-1953) – Football, Baseball, Track & Field
Associated Press, IOC/Getty Images
Pelé (Edson Arantes do Nascimento) (Brazil, 1940-2022) – Soccer (known as football outside the U.S.)
On 21 Lists
Jim Brown (US, 1936-2023) – Football (known as American football outside the U.S.)
Associated Press
Carl Lewis (US, 1961- ) – Track & Field
Roger Federer (Switzerland, 1981- ) – Tennis
AAP/Dave Hunt
On 20 Lists
Tiger Woods (US, 1975- ) – Golf
Getty Images
Michael Phelps (US, 1985- ) – Swimming
On 19 Lists
Babe Didrikson Zaharias (US, 1911-1956) – Golf, Basketball, Baseball, Track & Field, Diving
Wilt Chamberlain (US, 1936-1999) – Basketball
NBA Photos/NBAE/Getty Images
Martina Navratilova (Czechoslovakia, 1956- ) – Tennis
Tony Triolo/Sports Illustrated
Bo Jackson (US, 1962- ) – Baseball, Football
Lonnie Major/Getty Images
On 18 Lists
Jackie Robinson (US, 1919-1972) – Baseball
Associated Press
On 17 Lists
Jesse Owens (US, 1913-1980) – Track & Field
AP Photo
Joe Montana (US, 1956- ) – Football
Otto Greule Jr/Getty Images
Jerry Rice (US, 1962- ) – Football
Getty Images
Jackie Joyner-Kersee (US, 1962- ) – Track & Field
Getty Images
Usain Bolt (Jamaica, 1986- ) – Track & Field
On 15 Lists
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (US, 1947- ) – Basketball
AP Photo/Reed Saxon
Earvin “Magic” Johnson (US, 1959- ) – Basketball
Andrew D. Bernstein/NBAE via Getty Images
On 14 Lists
Jack Nicklaus (US, 1940- ) – Golf
AP Photo
Bobby Orr (Canada, 1948- ) – Hockey
Montreal Gazette/Montreal Star
Serena Williams (US, 1981- ) – Tennis
celebritynetworth.com
Lionel Messi (Argentina, 1987- ) – Soccer
Clive Brunskill/Getty Images
On 13 Lists
Larry Bird (US, 1956- ) – Basketball
George Long/WireImage
Nadia Comaneci (Romania, 1961- ) – Gymnastics
AP Photo
On 12 Lists
Ted Williams (US, 1918-2002) – Baseball
AP/Ted Sande
Willie Mays (US, 1931- ) – Baseball
Loomis Dean/Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images
Bill Russell (US, 1934-2022) – Basketball
Getty Images
Michael Johnson (US, 1967- ) – Track & Field
Wolfgang Rattay/Reuters
Tom Brady (US, 1977- ) – Football
LeBron James (US, 1984- ) – Basketball
USATSI
On 11 Lists
Gordie Howe (Canada, 1928-2016) – Ice Hockey
Denis Brodeur/Getty Images
Billie Jean King (US, 1943- ) – Tennis
AP Photo/Elise Amendola
Walter Payton (US, 1954-1999) – Football
Heinz Kluetmeier/SI
Chris Evert (US, 1954- ) – Tennis
Barry Sanders (US, 1968- ) – Football
AP Photo/Duane Burleson
Steffi Graf (Germany, 1969- ) – Tennis
Chris Eason
Cristiano Ronaldo (Portugal, 1985- ) – Soccer
On 10 Lists
Joe Louis (US, 1914-1981) – Boxing
Costa/News
Mark Spitz (US, 1950- ) – Swimming
Rich Clarkson/WireImage.com
Diego Maradona (Argentina, 1960- ) – Soccer
Zinedine Zidane (France, 1972- ) – Soccer
On 9 Lists
Ty Cobb (US, 1886-1961) – Baseball
Sporting News
Lou Gehrig (US, 1903-1941) – Baseball
Charles Conlon/Sporting News
Joe DiMaggio (US, 1914-1999) – Baseball
Reuters
Sugar Ray Robinson (US, 1921-1989) – Boxing
PA Photos /Landov
Bruce Lee (US/Hong Kong, 1940-1973) – Martial Arts
From The Big Boss (1971), directed by Wei Lo and Chia-Hsiang Wu
Mike Tyson (US, 1966- ) –Boxing
Deion Sanders (US, 1967- ) – Football, Baseball
Randy Pench, Associated Press
Haile Gebrselassie (Ethiopia, 1973- ) – Track & Field
Wikipedia Commons
Rafael Nadal (Spain, 1986- ) – Tennis
ESP
On 8 Lists
Paavo Nurmi (Finland, 1897-1973) – Track & Field
Don Bradman (Australia, 1908-2001) – Cricket
Hank Aaron (US, 1934- ) – Baseball
AP Photo
Lawrence Taylor (US, 1959- ) – Football
Stephen Dunn/Allsport
Cheryl Miller (US, 1964- ) – Basketball
Rick Stewart/Getty Images
Lance Armstrong (US, 1971- ) – Cycling*
Getty Images
Mia Hamm (US, 1972- ) – Soccer
On 7 List
Mickey Mantle (US, 1931-1995) – Baseball
Daily News
Sandy Koufax (US, 1935- ) – Baseball
Oscar Robertson (US, 1938- ) – Basketball
AP Photo
Rod Laver (Australia, 1938- ) – Tennis
AP Photo
Wilma Rudolph (US, 1940-1994) – Track & Field
Getty Images
Tony Hawk (US, 1968- ) – Skateboarding
Michael Schumacher (Germany, 1969- ) – Auto Racing
Annika Sörenstam (Sweden, 1970- ) – Golf
Travis Lindquist/Getty Images
Pete Sampras (US, 1971- ) – Tennis
Peyton Manning (US, 1976- ) – Football
Kobe Bryant (US, 1978- ) – Basketball
On 6 Lists
Cy Young (US, 1867-1955) – Baseball
Public Domain
Rocky Marciano (US, 1923-1969) – Boxing
Herb Scharfman /UPI
Althea Gibson (US, 1927-2003) – Tennis, Golf
Keystone
Edwin Moses (US, 1955- ) – Track & Field
AP Photo
Sergey Bubka (USSR/Ukraine, 1963- ) – Track & Field
Bonnie Blair (US, 1964- ) – Speedskating
Tom Lynn /Sports Illustrated/Getty Images
Mario Lemieux (Canada, 1965- ) – Ice Hockey
Eliot J. Schechter/Getty Images
Sachin Tendulkar (India, 1973- ) – Cricket
Ronaldo (Ronaldo Luís Nazário de Lima) (Brazil, 1976- ) – Soccer
PA
Floyd Mayweather Jr. (US, 1977- ) – Boxing
Sean M. Haffey/Getty Images
Michael Vick (US, 1980- ) –Football
Sean Gardner/Reuters
Ian Thorpe (Australia, 1982- ) – Swimming
Kazuhiro Nogi/AFP
On 5 Lists
Bobby Jones (US, 1902-1971) – Golf
Arnold Palmer (US, 1929-2016) – Golf
Walter Iooss, Jr./SI
Johnny Unitas (US, 1933-2002) – Football
http://sports-kings.com
Pete Rose (US, 1941- ) – Baseball
AP Photo/Rusty Kennedy
Dick Butkus (US, 1942- ) – Football
Jean-Claude Killy (France, 1943- ) – Alpine Skiing
Eddy Merckx (Belgium, 1945- ) – Cycling
George Best (Northern Ireland, 1946-2005) – Soccer
Irish Star/Irish Daily Star
Dan Gable (US, 1948- ) – Wrestling
Julius Erving (US, 1950- ) – Basketball
Jimmy Connors (US, 1952- ) – Tennis
Björn Borg (Sweden, 1956- ) – Tennis
Walter Iooss, Jr.
Daley Thompson (UK, 1958- ) – Track & Field
Cynthia Cooper-Dyke (US, 1963- ) – Basketball
Bill Baptist/NBAE/Getty Images
Lisa Leslie (US, 1972- ) – Basketball
Monica Seles (Yugoslavia/Serbia, 1973- ) –Tennis
Hicham El Guerrouj (Morocco, 1974- ) – Track & Field
Derek Jeter (US, 1974- ) – Baseball
Venus Williams (US, 1980- ) – Tennis
Ronaldinho (Ronaldo de Assis Moreira) (Brazil, 1980- ) – Soccer
On 4 Lists
Honus Wagner (US, 1874-1955) – Baseball
http://www.thesportsfanjournal.com
Jack Johnson (US, 1878-1946) – Boxing
Walter Johnson (US, 1887-1946) – Baseball
Sports Illustrated
Jack Dempsey (US, 1895-1983) – Boxing
Rogers Hornsby (US, 1896-1963) – Baseball
AP Wirephoto
Harold “Red” Grange (US, 1903-1991) – Football
Sonja Henie (Norway, 1912-1969) – Figure Skating
Henry Armstrong (US, 1912-1988) – Boxing
Ben Hogan (US, 1912-1997) – Golf
AP Photo/stf
Don Hutson (US, 1913-1997) – Football
AP Photo/Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
Stan Musial (US, 1920-2013) – Baseball
Maurice Richard (Canada, 1921-2000) – Ice Hockey
Roger Bannister (UK, 1929-2018) – Track & Field
Getty Images
Roberto Clemente (Puerto Rico, 1934-1972) – Baseball
Walter Iooss, Jr.
Rafer Johnson (US, 1935-2020) – Track & Field
Al Oerter (US, 1936-2007) – Track & Field
Dawn Fraser (Australia, 1937- ) – Swimming
Jerry West (US, 1938- ) – Basketball
George Long/Getty Images
Bobby Hull (Canada, 1939- ) – Ice Hockey
Chicago Tribune
Kathy Whitworth (US, 1939-2022) – Golf
Margaret Court (Australia, 1942- ) – Tennis
AFP/Getty Images
Johan Cruyff (Netherlands, 1947-2016) – Soccer
Eric Heiden (US, 1958- ) – Speedskating, Cycling
Steve Redgrave (UK, 1962- ) – Rowing
Michelle Akers (US, 1966- ) – Soccer
Alexander Karelin (Russia, 1967- ) – Wrestling
© Lars Nyberg
Shane Warne (Australia, 1969- ) – Cricket
Brian Lara (Trinidad & Tobago, 1969- ) – Cricket
Janet Evans (US, 1971- ) – Swimming
Sheryl Swoopes (US, 1971- ) – Basketball
Paula Radcliffe (UK, 1973- ) – Track & Field
David Beckham (UK, 1975- ) – Soccer
Sir Chris Hoy (UK, 1976- ) – Cycling
On 3 Lists
Satchel Paige (US, 1906-1982) – Baseball
AP Photo/Matty Zimmerman
Josh Gibson (US, 1911-1947) – Baseball
© Bettmann/CORBIS
Fanny Blankers-Koen (The Netherlands, 1918-2004) – Track & Field
Emil Zátopek (Czechoslovakia, 1922-2000) – Track & Field
Getty Images
Bob Mathias (US, 1930-2006) – Track & Field
Willie Shoemaker (US, 1931-2003) – Horse Racing
John Swart/AP Photo
Elgin Baylor (US, 1934-2021) – Basketball
Getty Images
Bob Gibson (US, 1935-2020) – Baseball
Sir Garfield Sobers (Barbados, 1936- ) – Cricket
Richard Petty (US, 1937- ) – Auto Racing
Bob Beamon (US, 1946- ) – Track & Field
O.J. Simpson (US, 1947- ) – Football
Peggy Fleming (US, 1948- ) – Figure Skating
Dale Earnhardt, Sr. (US, 1951-2001) – Auto Racing
Donald Miralle /Allsport
Viv Richards (Antigua & Barbuda, 1952- ) – Cricket
Back Page Images / ASP / BPI
Joan Benoit Samuelson (US, 1957- ) – Track & Field
Janet Knott/Globe Staff
John McEnroe (US, 1959- ) – Tennis
Ayrton Senna (Brazil, 1960-1994) – Auto Racing
Greg Louganis (US, 1960- ) – Diving
John Elway (US, 1960- ) – Football
Dan Marino (US, 1961- ) – Football
Mary T. Meagher (US, 1964- ) – Swimming
Brett Favre (US, 1969- ) – Football
Kelly Slater (US, 1972- ) – Surfing
Bernard Rabejac-Quiksilver
Tegla Laroupe (Kenya, 1973- ) – Track & Field
(c) Agentur Diener/Rudolf Schmied
Alex Rodriguez (US, 1975- ) – Baseball
Marion Jones (US, 1975) – Track & Field
John Cena (US, 1977) – Wrestling (WWE)
Manny Pacquiao (The Philippines, 1978- ) – Boxing
Drew Brees (US, 1979- ) – Football
Lewis Hamilton (UK, 1985- ) – Auto Racing
Note about the photos: I think we all agree that lists are more interesting when they include some visuals. To that end, I have tried to obtain public domain photos for the athletes, but because I think action shots say ‘athlete’ much more than posed publicity head shots, many of the photos I have found are copyrighted. I have included the source and photographer’s name, if available, for each copyrighted photo. I believe that my use of these photographs is permissible under the doctrine of fair use and for educational purposes, so I have not undertaking the time-consuming process of asking for permissions from each copyright owner. Furthermore, my use of these photos is strictly non-commercial. If you own the copyright to one or more of the photos and have any concerns about their use on this site, please contact me directly by leaving a comment. If you believe I need permission to use the photo, I hereby request permission.
* Note re: Lance Armstrong: None of the “best athletes” lists made after 2013 include Lance Armstrong’s name, which is likely a result of the revelations that he used banned performance-enhancing drugs. Because his name is on eight lists made before that date and those lists are inlcuded in the meta-list, I have decided to continue to include him.
Lance Armstrong ? Where is Marit Bjørgen and Bjørn Dæhlie cross-country skiers from Norway?
Mr. Engan:
Thank you so much for your feedback. I agree that it seems a little odd that, given his doping scandal, Lance Armstrong would be on so many lists of best athletes, but it is true. As you know, these are not my personal opinions – I just collected “best athletes” lists from the Internet and combined them into this meta-list. Maybe as more “best athletes” lists are made in the future, Lance Armstrong will not be listed as much. As for the Norwegian cross-country skiers you mentioned, I had a rule that an athlete had to be on at least two “best athletes” lists to make it onto my meta-list. These two athletes were not on at least two lists that I found. You must excuse my English-language bias – I can only collect “best of” lists that are in English to create my meta-lists. It may be that lists of athletes that are in European languages might contain the names of these two athletes, but they were not found on the English-language lists of “best athletes” that I found.